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Tiffany Lamps – Where It All Began

Tiffany lamps, known for their bronze bases and colorful lead glass shades, originated in the New York studios of Louis Comfort Tiffany. Here, the son of the Charles Tiffany, founder of Tiffany & Co. jewelers, manufactured his lamps from the 1880s to 1924. After beginning his career as an interior designer for the wealthiest of New York society, he shifted his focus over the years to producing works of art on a smaller scale including his lamps, favrile glass, and later, jewelry.

Prior to 1890 Tiffany table lamps, chandeliers, and sconces were custom ordered for buildings, churches and individual homes. They were assembled from a variety of commercially manufactured parts and those which Tiffany had made. These Tiffany lamps were fuel lamps, burning oil and were easily recongnized by their round glass bases.

As the years passed the lamps became more uniquely Tiffany works of art. He was able, with the opening of his Corona glass factory in 1892, to manufacture colored lead glass to his specifications. Tiffany’s lamps then began to take on the familiar nature themes and intense use of color seen in later years.

It was not until the introduction of electroliers that Tiffany Lamps finally assumed their familiar vertical shape as the round glass bases were replaced by vertical bronze. In Tiffanys 1898 catalogue many lamps were available in oil or electric. In addition many Tiffany table lamps, hanging shades and wall sconces were designed specifically for electricity.

By the end of the nineteenth century many of Tiffanys lamps had become more intricate in design. His bronze casting department created bases with wildlife, leaves, and feather. The colorful leaded glass shades particularly reflected Tiffany’s love for vines, fauna, flowers, shrubs, trees and wetlands.

With the electric lighting now available from Thomas Edisons Pearl Street Power Station, the popularity of electric light quickly grew. Though some people resisted change, since for them gas lighting still held some romance. Poets wrote unfavorably about electric lighting and one critic said of Tiffany’s colorful wall sconces in New York’s Lyceum Theater, Who but Mr. Tiffany could have dribbled melted lead so frantically over pieces of parti-colored glass like those blue bulls eyes with electric light behind them?

However, progress was overwhelming the country, and the marriage of leaded glass and electric light was already a sure thing. By 1899 half the Tiffany table lamps shown at the Grofton Galleries London exhibition were electric. Also at this time famous styles like the Tiffany Dragonfly, the Pond Lily, Butterfly, and Nautilus replaced the older, single piece favrile glass shades.

By 1903 the place of Tiffany Lamps in the new electric age, and in the world of art, had been assured. The Art Interchanges July issue showed pictures of the new Wisteria lamp, seen for the first time and commented, To the far-famed Tiffany ateliers of New York must the rest of the world come for what is rare and beautiful in the way of objects of every description to conduct electric light.

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